Spektrum Iran

Abstract This article is of course not about practicing and spreading patriotic language ideology in the name of etymology, but rather about problematizing such a language ideology alongside linguistic discrimination as a variety of the Eurocentric, Islamophobic ideology in the school context of the multiculturalmultilingual state of Berlin. The school context here only refers to the pedagogically and foreign language linguistically questionable language attitudes and practices of some teachers and educators and not the official language and multilingualism policy of the state government or Senate Department for Education, Youth and Family as a whole. In other words, this text, which essentially consists of a criteria-based selection of 60 English and German loanwords of Persian origin, wants to invite German-speaking readers and especially the educators among them while using the everyday, expanded and standard vocabulary to look at their own language and the English language as a global lingua franca through a different, more relative
lens, namely as languages with more lexical influence from oriental languages of the old neighboring region of Europe, the Islamic world, than previously assumed.

Abstract On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a new revolutionary manifesto, the „Manifesto of the Second Step“, was issued by the Iranian revolutionary leader Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei on February 11, 2019, instead of an annual message of thanks to the nation. In it, Ayatollah Khamene i announced that the Islamic Revolution in Iran has entered a new evolutionary phase that is much more decisive than the first 40-year phase or the "First Step" in the historical process of building the New Islamic Civilization. This paper illustrates why that is so by quoting the exact wording of the manifesto and commenting it. Furthermore, the central concepts underlying the manifesto, namely "self-formation", "society re-formation" and "civilization re-formation", as well as the main focus of the paper namely the cultural-political aspects of the Manifesto will be explored and explained from the textual perspective. The main goal of this article is to bring this manifesto, which is undoubtedly one of the most current and important documents of the Iranian cultural policy since 1979, closer to the German-speaking reader as an interested cultural dialogue partner and to create awareness for possible problems related to the cultural dialogue.

Abstract The topic of this text is collective identity formation using Iran as an example. The text deals with Iranian self-perception as a precondition for any long-term cultural dialogue between Iran and Germany or any other cultural dialogue partner. The idea behind this is that dialogue partners should first of all ask themselves questions about their own collective identity and thus draw an overall picture of themselves that is as realistic as possible and not idealized, before they are confronted with and possibly overwhelmed by their own image drawn by the other and from a foreign perspective. The text is based on the concept of culture in the main source on which this study is based, namely an Iranian textbook for the upper secondary school with a focus on the humanities and social sciences. It is the textbook "Cultural Analysis - Textbook for Cultural Studies", which was first published in the year 2017. From its perspective, four Iranian self-images are presented and analysed in more detail here. The main questions of the text are: how has the collective identity of Iranians been formed in the course of history? And how do the Iranian self-images relate to each other as components of an overall image?

Abstract The subject of the present article is the foreign cultural policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the Western world consisting of commonwealth countries with equal value bases. Although the author’s main focus in selecting instances to study Iran’s cultural interaction and confrontation with the West is not on a specific Western country, in all instances he has a glimpse of the Federal Republic of Germany due to the extent and antiquity of the country’s relations with Iran before and after the Islamic Revolution. The aim of this article is to examine the political events that have not only been of historical importance, but also, from the viewpoint of cultural policy, played a significant role in shaping the more or less negative image of contemporary Iran in the Western world and its media empire. The author has attempted to neutrally portray Iran’s official attitudes and stances toward controversial political-cultural events with the West to a Western and specifically German-speaking audience. The analytical framework of this article is formed by the events after the Islamic Revolution of Iran as the most historic moment in the contemporary history of Iran under the influence of the colonial powers and the turning point of the return to Islamic identity of this country.