Spektrum Iran

Abstract Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche can be considered the most important, or at least the most popular, philosopher among Iranians. He is an attractive and popular figure not only among those interested in philosophy, literature and humanities, but also among common people. All his books have been translated into Persian and some of them have been translated into Persian several times. Iranian narratives of Nietzsche's thought also have a surprising diversity. On one side of these narratives, Nietzsche is seen as an Iranian mystic, orientalist and anti-Western, and on the other side, a completely different person is seen: A Nietzsche who is an anti-moral philosopher/poet, bellicose and atheist, as if he deliberately wanted to fight with everything that is good, righteous and respectable to man. In this article, the history of Iranian acquaintance with Nietzsche and the diverse narratives that have been formed about him in Iran are introduced.In addition, some of the most important reasons for Nietzsche's attractiveness to Iranians, and the reasons
for the existence of such diverse narratives are also examined.

Abstract Intercultural communication has always been a chance to get acquainted with other societies. Due to the vast improvements of communicational technologies like Internet and social media, this chance is now more than any time in history available, which also provides certain people and certain organizations with the possibility to abuse this power for their own goals and benefits. In the age of information and in a world, where its people are more and more connected like the residents of a small village, the need to inform people about these goals is felt more than ever. This situation and its importance was a reason for a study on the history of intercultural communications between Iran and other countries, focusing on the communications between Iran and Germany.

Abstract In one of the first stories of Arabian Nights, “The Fisherman and Jinni”, there
is an obscure expression in which the Arabic word ʻahd( عهد ) should mean
magic as plot of the story necessitates. In Arabic, ʻahd means oath, will,
testament and so on, but never means magic. Whereas in the old Persian
verse and prose, one can find the Persian word band( بند ) meaning both oath
and magic. Therefore, this Arabic expression and possibly the whole story
could have an original Pahlavi or Persian version, translated into Arabic,
and the Persian band mistranslated intoʻahd -instead of siḥr (magic).
Accordingly, the story of “The Fisherman and Jinni” could be one of the
originally Persian stories of Arabian Nights, or at least the above mentioned
expression may be counted as a rhetoric story-telling technique in the
Iranian magic stories that its mistranslation has become prevalent in
Arabian narrations once, and finally established in Arabian Nights.